As the seasons change, new negative factors affect your skin. In winter, your beauty is threatened by temperature changes, cold, wind, and dry air in heated rooms. The main problem for girls during this period is dehydration – an undesirable skin condition in which the epidermis lacks moisture.

Externally, dehydration manifests itself as dryness, tightness, and peeling. The skin tries to compensate for the lack of moisture and activates the sebaceous glands, which leads to an oily sheen, black spots and rashes. The problems don’t end there: dehydrated skin tends to blotchy-looking foundations, making it nearly impossible to apply makeup, and dehydrated skin tends to be more sensitive, prone to pigmentation and premature aging.

Can you imagine the effort required to reverse the effects of dehydration?! The best solution is to prevent all the difficulties and prevent moisture deficiency. A good winter skin care routine will do just that. If you follow these five basic rules, you’ll look great even in this difficult time.

Rule №1. Gentle cleansing

Your skin always loses a considerable amount of moisture when you wash your face. There are three main factors contributing to this.

1. The ph-balance is disturbed by the effects of water. The ph-value determines the ratio of acid and alkaline in a certain medium-in our case it is water and the upper layer of the epidermis. For the skin the optimal ph is between 5 and 6 units, i.e. acidic. If this level is outside of the 5-6 range, you face dehydration and other problems – up to acne. Tap water, on the other hand, has a ph range of 6.5-9.5, so the risk of damaged skin ph is very high!
2. The same water that pulls moisture out of your skin after you wash your face. It’s quite simple, the H2O molecules evaporate from the surface of your face and take the moisture particles from your epidermis with them.

3. a cleanser can provide excellent water relief through the action of surfactants (surfactants). Surfactants themselves are not as harmful as they sometimes say. It is thanks to these components that you remove all the dirt from your skin. At the same time, surfactants dry out the skin and act as provocateurs of dehydration.

To counteract these factors, you should start by avoiding all aggressive cleansing. Firstly, no soap! Soap is a literal lump of alkali, which will 100% destroy the protective barrier of the skin and shift the ph-balance far beyond normal.

Second, stop using gels and foams with sulfates during the winter. Sodium lauryl and sodium laureth sulfate are the most powerful and popular surfactants in cosmetics. They clean deeper than other surfactants, and therefore are more drying. In the cold season, there is no need for such intensive cleansing: a sulfate-free skin care product is just what you need.

Finally, pay attention to the purifying product’s ph level. A foam or gel with a ph of 5.5 will be optimal. Some manufacturers directly indicate the ph level on the package. But if they don’t, look for Aha acids in the ingredients list: they help maintain the acidic environment that your skin needs.

Rule №2. Make sure to tone your skin

Toning is the most underestimated stage of skin care for girls from Ukraine. And at the same time it is insanely important! Toner performs important functions:

• Actively moisturizes the skin;
• Stops the evaporation of moisture;
• Normalizes the ph-balance.

All this is necessary after each cleansing, both in the morning and in the evening. Toners are used for toning and can be identified by the word Toner in their names. Different manufacturers have different names for their toners: starter, booster, skin, and mista. And with toners is more complicated – cosmetic brands call toners completely different means. Some toners perform the task of toning, while others just additionally cleanse the skin (which is not necessary if you follow the rules of two-step cleansing, that is, separately remove makeup and wash your face with foam or gel).

If you see a toner from a Korean manufacturer, it’s probably the same as a toner. European and American brands often make toners only for cleansing.

Rule №3. Deep moisturizing

To prevent dehydration, your skin should be given plenty of moisture. And hydration is important for all skin types. Toners, serums, essences, masks, and creams with good moisturizers can help keep your skin hydrated:

• hyaluronic acid;
• aquaxyl;
• aloe and centella extracts;
• glycerin;
• squalane;
• ceramides, etc.

Rule №4. Denser textures

In summer, many girls prefer light, weightless creams or emulsions with a gel consistency. But in winter, a cream with a denser texture is ideal. This does not mean that you have to endure a sticky or oily product under which your skin does not breathe at all. Just replace the gel or emulsion with an ordinary cream. You can find a comfortable product even for oily skin. The advantage of a creamy texture in winter is that it better retains moisture in the skin and protects it from the wind.

Rule №5. Sun Protection

A common mistake for girls is to only use sunscreen in the summer, and then only at the beach. But in winter, the sun never goes out! Even clouds and clouds are not an obstacle for ultraviolet light. Sometimes the index of solar activity is higher during cloudy weather than on a hot summer day. That is why you should not neglect SPF products. Unless, of course, you want to protect your skin from photoaging and pigmentation.

Aside from these five rules, make sure to follow every single step of your daily skin care routine. Makeup removal, cleansing, exfoliation and other beauty rituals are important at any time of year.

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Tired type

The tired morphotype is considered the most natural type. Often skin looks fresh and alert in the morning but sags and slumps in the evening. This type of aging is typical for thin women with an oval face shape.

• The face visually loses volume.
• The corners of the lips and eyes droop, creating a ‘tired face’.
• Nasolabial folds are noticeable.
• The skin tone takes on a greyish, earthy appearance.

What can you do?

• Use skin care products with antioxidants, vitamin C and AHAs. These ingredients help renew skin, improve complexion and slow down aging.
• Give at least 10 minutes to a hand massage every day to boost circulation and refresh your skin tone.
• Facial sculpting can help tone facial muscles. There are many different techniques: be sure to try it!
• Once or twice a year, visit your beautician for a peel.
• If you want to reduce mimic wrinkles and are not afraid of injections, you can resort to fillers with hyaluronic acid.

The fine-wrinkle type

The fine-wrinkle type of aging is called beautiful because the face maintains clear contours for a long time, does not “float” and does not deform. Only the skin acquires first fine, and later deep wrinkles, and begins to resemble a wrinkled tissue. This type of aging is typical for owners of dry, normal and sensitive skin.

• Your face becomes covered with a network of fine “dry” wrinkles.
• Constantly feels dry and tight skin.
• In high and low temperatures the skin reacts redness, peeling, unpleasant tingling and itching.
• Fine lines appear on the forehead and in the corners of the lips and eyes.
• Discolouration of the skin may also occur.

What can you do?

• Pay special attention to nourishing your skin. Nourishing, rich-textured creams, overnight masks, and plant-oil serums are all great for you.
• Choose collagen, hyaluronic acid, elastin and ceramides as your favorite ingredients.
• Wear sunscreen before going outdoors. In any weather and all year round!
• Among cosmetic procedures the most suitable would be photo rejuvenation, mesotherapy, peels, biorevitalization and contouring.

Deformity type

The deformation type is probably the most unpleasant of all: the face literally distorts, as if in a crooked mirror. Alas, this is the type most often encountered in women from Slavic countries. Owners of the deformational type of aging are prone to obesity, and have a combined or oily skin type.

• The face “blurs”, loses a clear contour.
• Dropping of cheeks.
• A double chin forms.
• Often the face swells and “bags” appear under the eyes.
• A network of blood vessels becomes visible.
• The complexion is still flat.

What to do?

• Use lifting masks to lift the chin and the whole face.
• Be sure to add products that strengthen blood vessels and prevent the development of couperose.
• Take care of your excess weight: it greatly affects the appearance of your face.
• Practice facial muscular gymnastics (face building) and sculpting facial massage.
• Give up bad habits. Smoking is one of the most common ones.
• If the face completely lost its former shape, only extreme measures will help – plastic surgery.

Muscular type

This type of aging can be called “athletic”. Only the skin changes, while the face retains its clear contours. Muscular type aging is encountered in women with a triangular or oval face shape who are not prone to excessive weight. Asian women often follow this scenario of aging.

• There are pronounced “crows feet” in the corners of the eyes and nasolabial folds.
• Their eyelids droop.
• The skin tone becomes dull.
• Lowered corners of the lips.
• The contour of the face remains emphasised.

What to do?

• Moisturize your skin with hyaluronic acid, aquaxyl and botanical extracts.
• Get a healthy diet and sleep.
• Beauty treatments should include mesotherapy, peels, laser rejuvenation and fillers with hyaluronic acid.

Combined type

The mixed type of aging is difficult to distinguish characteristic signs, because it combines several other types. There are many variations of the combination! Often the deformational type is mixed with a tired or fine-wrinkled type. Visually recognizing the combined type of aging is also difficult. Women who are overweight and have mixed skin are usually prone to it.

If you’re already showing signs of different types of aging on your face, study the recommendations for each type and combine them in your skincare routine.

With any type of aging skin, it’s important to take a holistic, step-by-step approach to skin care. We’ve only highlighted what’s especially important for each type of aging in this article. But the general rules of care are the same for everyone, especially if you’re already dealing with wrinkles and other signs of aging.

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17 useful properties of facial massage

1. It improves blood microcirculation. It stimulates the flow of oxygen and nutrients to the epidermis.
2. Gives the skin a healthy even tone.
3. Reduces acne and inflammation.
4. Makes pigmentation less pronounced.
5. Calms swelling.
6. Relaxes the muscles. This is not only good for the overall appearance of the face, but also reduces headaches and gets rid of hypertonicity in the masticatory muscles.
7. Increases the elasticity of the skin.
8. Makes scars and scars smaller.
9. Smoothes wrinkles and skin breakouts.
10. Uplifts and relaxes.
11. Strengthens the vasculature of the face, neck and décolleté area.
12. Relieves tired eyes.
13. “Lifts up the face oval.
14. Helps to remove dead cells from the top layer.
15. Controls the production of sebum.
16. Allows useful ingredients of cosmetics to penetrate the deeper layers of the skin and increase the effectiveness of care.
17. Improves sleep and gets rid of insomnia.

The beauty of facial massage is that it can be done at home with the help of improvised means, as well as by a cosmetologist.

The most popular types of facial massage at home

Hand massage allows you to quickly reduce puffiness and even out the complexion. It should be performed with patting movements with the fingertips. All movements are directed away from the middle of the face and made strictly along the massage lines. Along the closed eyelids move from the outer corner of the eye to the inner corner of the lower eyelid, and vice versa on the upper eyelid.

Massage with ice. This type of massage requires only an ice cube made of ordinary water or decoction of chamomile. The cube should be led along the massage lines. This type of massage is very popular, but it often makes mistakes. Ice cube massage is strictly contraindicated in couperose!

Massage with a massager is considered the best alternative to the previous methods, because it gives a more pronounced effect. Massager has an excellent lymphatic drainage effect, quickly tightens the skin and relaxes. It is desirable to start doing such a massage with 2-3 times a week, gradually bringing it to the daily routine. It is necessary to move along the massage lines, starting from the neck and ending with the forehead. Along each line 10-15 times in one direction.

How to get ready for the massage?

• Clean the face, neck and decollete with foam or other cleanser.
• Apply toner, essence, serum and other products.
• Spread your moisturizer over your face, neck and décolleté and gently smooth it over the massage lines.
• Feel free to proceed to the massage – a moisturized skin massage is easy and pleasant. If you use a cosmetic massager, the cream won’t “cling” to your skin and stretch it.

Three tips for giving a facial massage

• A facial massage can be done at any time of the day. But the morning session is preferable: it helps to remove puffiness after sleep, wake up and tune in to an active day.
• Before any massage one should drink a glass of warm water 10-20 minutes before the session.
• Relaxing music during the massage not only calms and improves the emotional background, but also removes tension from the facial muscles.

Contraindications to facial massage

• Allergies or dermatitis with compromised skin integrity.
• Numerous moles, papillomas.
• Scratches, abrasions, cuts on the face.
• Large painful pimples on the face, pustules.
• Active stage of couperose.
• Acute neuritis of the facial nerves.
• Hypertensive diseases.
• Cancer diseases of the nearby organs.
• Gonorrhoea and sinusitis.
• Acne exacerbation.

If you do not have the above contraindications, facial massage will be a great addition to your skin care. The main thing is to devote time to this procedure regularly every day or at least every other day. Then you will see results in a couple of weeks.

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